ABSTRACT

The follow-up of patients with TCC (transitional cell carcinoma) of the bladder is done by cystoscopy, radiological methods and cytology. Besides these, many urine-based tests for TCC have been developed and studied in different groups in last years. For the urological practice, using these urine markers in the diagnosis and surveillance may be useful considering the amount of cystoscopies and cost of radiological techniques. It means that these new tests must be cheap, more sensitive-spesific against standard methods and of course must decraese the number of cystoscopies performed. Because of these reasons, we aimed to highlight the most important urinary biomarkers studied and reported recently.