ABSTRACT

Poland syndrome is a congenital anomaly characterized by unilateral absence of the chest wall and ipsilateral upper extremity deformities with deficiency of the pectoralis major and minor muscles. Despite the large variance, the sine qua non is absence of a sternocostal portion of the pectoralis major muscle. Additionally, it can be combined with other anomalies, such as absence of pectoralis minor muscle as well as the 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th ribs, breast hypoplasia, abnormalities of the cardiovascular system and multiple organ system defects. In these patients, there is the risk of malignant hyperthermia, lung herniation and paradoxical respiration during anaesthesia due to thorax deformity and comorbidities. In this paper, we report a 5-year-old girl, who was administered sedation anesthesia for pediatric diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging, with the review of the literature.